Virustotal and similar tools simply scan for software that has been previously flagged as being malicious. It is pretty limited in that respect. Any novel or unreported malware, as well as any malware that was obfuscated well enough, would not trigger any red flags.
If you don’t trust fdroid - in the sense that it could be hacked -, you can always download the apks from GitHub (they have those as well, not just the code) and verify the checksum before installing. Unless you think the developer’s GitHub account can be hacked as well. There’s no much escape really.